Feasibility of using teleradiology to improve tuberculosis screening and case management in a district hospital in Malawi.

Malawi has one of the world's highest rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (10.6%), and southern Malawi, where Thyolo district is located, bears the highest burden in the country (14.5%). Tuberculosis, common among HIV-infected people, requires radiologic diagnosis, yet Malawi has no radiologists in public service. This hinders rapid and accurate diagnosis and increases morbidity and mortality

A comparative study on low-temperature sol-gel ga-doped zinc oxide inverted PSCs

A low-temperature sol-gel Ga-doped ZnO (ZnO:Ga) thin film as the electron transport layer (ETL) for high efficiency inverted polymer solar cells (PSCs) has been realised. The ZnO:Ga precursor was prepared by dissolving zinc acetate and ethanolamine in the 2-methoxyethanol with Ga(NO3)3 at different concentration. Doped ZnO thin films were deposed on indium tin oxide (ITO)/glass substrates by spin-coating technique and the films annealed at 150°C for 5 minutes in air. To check performances of ZnO:Ga thin film were realized inverted polymer solar cells with the configuration ITO/ZnO:Ga/photoactive layer/MoO3/Ag. The photoactive layer was a blend of poly[(4,8-bis-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-benzo(1,2-b:4,5-b′)dithiophene)-2,6-diyl-alt-(4-(2-octanoyl)-3-fluorothieno[3,4-b]thiophene-)-2-6-diyl)] (PBDTTT-CF) and [6,6]-phenyl C71 butyric acid methyl ester ([70]PCBM) (1:1.5 w/w). In this work was investigated the effect of gallium concentration on the photovoltaic behavior of PSCs. The best efficiency of 7.7% was reached by using a 6 at% ZnO:Ga film as ETL

Advantages of the single delay model for the assessment of insulin sensitivity from the intravenous glucose tolerance test

The Minimal Model, (MM), used to assess insulin sensitivity (IS) from Intra-Venous Glucose-Tolerance Test (IVGTT) data, suffers from frequent lack of identifiability (parameter estimates with Coefficients of Variation (CV) less than 52%). The recently proposed Single Delay Model (SDM) is evaluated as a practical alternative

Congenital hypothyroidism due to a new deletion in the sodium/iodide symporter protein.

OBJECTIVE: Iodide transport defect (ITD) is a rare disorder characterised by an inability of the thyroid to maintain an iodide gradient across the basolateral membrane of thyroid follicular cells, that often results in congenital hypothyroidism. When present the defect is also found in the salivary glands and gastric mucosa and it has been shown to arise from abnormalities of the sodium/iodide symporter (NIS). PATIENT: We describe a woman with hypothyroidism identified at the 3rd month of life. The diagnosis of ITD was suspected because of nodular goitre, and little if any iodide uptake by the thyroid and salivary glands. Treatment with iodide partially corrected the hypothyroidism; however, long-term substitution therapy with L-thyroxine was started. MEASUREMENTS: Thyroid radioiodide uptake was only 1.4% and 0.3% at 1 and 24 h after the administration of recombinant human TSH. The saliva to plasma I- ratio was 1.1 indicating that the inability of the thyroid gland to concentrate I- was also present in the salivary glands. RESULTS: Analysis of the patient's NIS gene revealed a 15 nucleotide (nt) deletion of the coding sequence (nt 1314 through nt 1328) and the insertion of 15 nt duplicating the first 15 nt of the adjacent intron. The patient was homozygous for this insertion/deletion, while both consanguineous parents were heterozygous. This deletion predicts the production of a protein lacking the five terminal amino acids of exon XI (439-443) which are located in the 6th intracellular loop. COS-7 cells transfected with a vector expressing the mutant del-(439-443) NIS failed to concentrate iodide, suggesting that the mutation was the direct cause of the ITD in this patient. CONCLUSION: In conclusion we describe the first Italian case of congenital hypothyroidism due to a new deletion in the NIS gene

Lessons learned during down referral of antiretroviral treatment in Tete, Mozambique

As sub-Saharan African countries continue to scale up antiretroviral treatment, there has been an increasing emphasis on moving provision of services from hospital level to the primary health care clinic level. Delivery of antiretroviral treatment at the clinic level increases the number of entry points to care, while the greater proximity of services encourages retention in care

Tsunami risk management for crustal earthquakes and non-seismic sources in Italy

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Naphthalene-1,8-diamine–2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-1H-perimidine (2/1)

In the title adduct the pyrimidine ring is nearly co-planar with the heteroatomic perimidine ring. The perimidine and diaminonaphthalene molecules are linked by N—H••••N hydrogen bonds across an inversion center. In the crystal, alternating layers of the perimidine and the aminonaphthalene molecules are formed along [100]. In the perimidine layer the molecules are stacked along the c axis direction with an interplane separation of approximately 3.4 A ˚